English Puritan, from Hebrew "to rest".

A correspondent [DC] reports a family, originally from Nantwich in Cheshire, England, which regularly used the given name Sabbath over many generations from 1599 to 1836. It was occasionally recorded as Sabath, Sabboth and Saboth. The family espoused the Parliamentary cause so was almost certainly Puritan, which accords with other Bible-based names introduced in that period.